Consommation de la macrofaune benthique par les oiseaux d’eau.

The diversity and abundance of birds present in intertidal coastal ecosystems are closely related to the biomass of benthic invertebrates. The assessment of energy consumed compared with the available resource is one of the fundamental aspects of intertidal foodweb studies. The feeding of birds on benthic invertebrates was studied in the bay of Saint-Brieuc, a 2900 ha tidal bay located on the Côtes d’Armor coast (Brittany). The consumption of the nine most numerous wader and duck species present on the site was valued at 1.9 g AFDW/m²/yr. This is comparable with results observed in the Mont Saint-Michel bay but much lower than results from the Wadden sea. In order to further the understanding of the predator-prey system, the taking into account of local hypsometric singularities is relevant. Thus, it is possible to determine an “average available foraging area” which takes into account the foreshore exposure frequency according to tidal conditions, which represents the real usage of the foreshore by birds. In the Bay of Saint-Brieuc foreshore, the available average surface is about 1115 ha, i.e. a consumption of 4.9 g/m²/yr. The use of this space by birds depends on the type, density and the accessibility of prey, the sediment characteristics, and the presence of events which can cause a disturbance. The distribution of the benthic macrofauna and spatial distribution of four wader species were studied to map the main feeding areas and the benthos they host. This data set will allow the study of potential feeding habitat compared with currently exploited habitat, and to analyse the compatibility of a complex benthic resources/birds/human activities system.