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Background light in potential sites for the ANTARES undersea neutrino telescope

Amram, P. / Anvar, S. / Aslanides, E. / Aubert, J.J. / Azoulay, R. / Basa, S. / Benhammou, Y. / Bernard, F. / Bertin, V. / Billault, M. / Blanc, P.E. / Blanc, F. / Bland, R W. / Blondeau, F. / Bottu, N. / Boulesteix, J. / Brooks, B. / Brunner, J. / Calzas, A. / Carloganu, C. / Carmona, F E. / Carr, J. / Carton, P H. / Cartwright, S. / Cases, R. / Cassol, F. / Compere, C. / Cooper, S. / Coustillier, G. / De Botton, N. / Deck, P. / Desages, F E. / Destelle, J.J. / Dispau, G. / Drogou, J F. / Drouhin, F. / Duval, P.Y. / Feinstein, F. / Festy, D. / Fopma, J. / Fuda, J L. / Goret, P. / Gosset, L. / Gournay, J F. / Hernandez, J J. / Herrouin, G. / Hubaut, F. / Hubbard, J R. / Huss, D. / Jaquet, M. / Jelley, N. / Kajfasz, E. / Karolak, M. / Kouchner, A. / Kudryavtsev, V. / Lachartre, D. / Lafoux, H. / Lamare, P. / Languillat, J C. / Laugier, D. / Laugier, J P. / Le Guen, Y. / Le Provost, H. / Le Van Suu, A. / Lemoine, L. / Liotard, P.L. / Loucatos, S. / Magnier, P. / Marcelin, M. / Martin, L. / Massol, A. / Mazeau, B. / Mazure, A. / Mazeas, F. / McMillan, J. / Millot, C. / Mols, P. / Montanet, F. / Morel, J P. / Moscoso, L. / Navas, S. / Olivetto, C. / Palanque-Delabrouille, N. / Pallares, A. / Payre, P. / Perrin, P. / Pohl, A. / Poinsignon, J. / Potheau, R. / Queinec, Y. / Racca, C. / Raymond, M. / Rolin, J F. / Sacquin, Y. / Schuller, J P. / Schuster, W. / Spooner, N. / Stolarczyk, T. / Tabary, A. / Talby, M. / Tao, C. / Tayalati, Y. / Thompson, L F. / Triay, R. / Tzvetanov, T. / Valdy, P. / Vernin, P. / Vigeolas, E. / Vignaud, D. / Vilanova, D. / Wark, D. / Zghiche, A. / Zuniga, J. - 2015
The ANTARES collaboration has performed a series of {\em in situ} measurements to study the background light for a planned undersea neutrino telescope. Such background can be caused by $^{40}$K decays or by biological activity. We report on measurements at two sites in the Mediterranean Sea at depths of 2400~m and 2700~m, respectively. Three photomultiplier tubes were used to measure single counting rates and coincidence rates for pairs of tubes at various distances. The background rate is seen to consist of three components: a constant rate due to $^{40}$K decays, a continuum rate that varies on a time scale of several hours simultaneously over distances up to at least 40~m, and random bursts a few seconds long that are only correlated in time over distances of the order of a meter. A trigger requiring coincidences between nearby photomultiplier tubes should reduce the trigger rate for a neutrino telescope to a manageable level with only a small loss in efficiency.

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